Leader Slot 信息 API 文档

什么是 Leader Slot 信息（getLeaderSlots）API？

getLeaderSlots 是一个扩展的 Solana RPC 方法，用于返回即将到来的 leader slot 记录，包括 validator identity、质押权重、网络端点元数据、估算的 leader 位置以及参考延迟测量。持有 ERPC 使用额度（API token）的用户，可以用与标准 Solana RPC 方法相同的格式调用。

此 API 提供：

从指定 slot 开始的 leader validator 调度
每个 leader validator 的 stakeWeight
估算的 leader 区域、城市、国家、坐标、ASN 组织与时区
通过 pingToLeaders 提供从 ERPC 各观测区域到 leader 的参考 ping 测量

端点和请求体示例

endpoint

https://edge.erpc.global?api-key=<YOUR_API_KEY>

https://edge.erpc.global?api-key=<YOUR_API_KEY>

在 params 中指定起始 slot 编号。

json

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "getLeaderSlots",
  "params": [436946064]
}

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "getLeaderSlots",
  "params": [436946064]
}

示例（HTTP）

bash

curl 'https://edge.erpc.global?api-key=<YOUR_API_KEY>' \
  --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id":1,
    "method":"getLeaderSlots",
    "params":[436946064]
  }'

curl 'https://edge.erpc.global?api-key=<YOUR_API_KEY>' \
  --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id":1,
    "method":"getLeaderSlots",
    "params":[436946064]
  }'

响应示例（JSON）

当前响应会将记录放在 result.data[] 中。result.total 表示返回的记录数量。下面的 data[] 数组从本次请求的 100 条记录中摘录了三条：第一条记录展示了来自 ERPC 全部七个观测区域的 pingToLeaders，其余记录为便于阅读只保留了一个区域。

json

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "success": true,
    "message": "Leader schedule records retrieved successfully",
    "total": 100,
    "data": [
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946064",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Newark",
            "region": "ny",
            "ms": 74.981,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "64.130.37.222",
            "country": "US",
            "lat": 40.73566,
            "lon": -74.17237,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "07102",
            "timezone": "America/New_York",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:22:21.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "London",
            "region": "london",
            "ms": 10.978,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "67.209.52.250",
            "country": "GB",
            "lat": 51.50853,
            "lon": -0.12574,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "WC2N",
            "timezone": "Europe/London",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:23:06.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Singapore",
            "region": "singapore",
            "ms": 166.379,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "202.8.11.52",
            "country": "SG",
            "lat": 1.2959,
            "lon": 103.7907,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "139963",
            "timezone": "Asia/Singapore",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:24:52.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Amsterdam",
            "region": "amsterdam",
            "ms": 12.827,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "84.32.103.245",
            "country": "NL",
            "lat": 52.37403,
            "lon": 4.88969,
            "org": "AS59642 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "1012",
            "timezone": "Europe/Amsterdam",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:21:33.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Ebara",
            "region": "tokyo",
            "ms": 212.499,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "198.13.133.88",
            "country": "JP",
            "lat": 35.617,
            "lon": 139.7486,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "140-0002",
            "timezone": "Asia/Tokyo",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:24:01.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Sydney",
            "region": "sydney",
            "ms": 274.379,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "82.26.116.36",
            "country": "AU",
            "lat": -33.86785,
            "lon": 151.20732,
            "org": "AS29802 HIVELOCITY, Inc.",
            "postal": "1001",
            "timezone": "Australia/Sydney",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:25:50.000Z"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946065",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946066",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "success": true,
    "message": "Leader schedule records retrieved successfully",
    "total": 100,
    "data": [
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946064",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Newark",
            "region": "ny",
            "ms": 74.981,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "64.130.37.222",
            "country": "US",
            "lat": 40.73566,
            "lon": -74.17237,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "07102",
            "timezone": "America/New_York",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:22:21.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "London",
            "region": "london",
            "ms": 10.978,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "67.209.52.250",
            "country": "GB",
            "lat": 51.50853,
            "lon": -0.12574,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "WC2N",
            "timezone": "Europe/London",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:23:06.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Singapore",
            "region": "singapore",
            "ms": 166.379,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "202.8.11.52",
            "country": "SG",
            "lat": 1.2959,
            "lon": 103.7907,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "139963",
            "timezone": "Asia/Singapore",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:24:52.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Amsterdam",
            "region": "amsterdam",
            "ms": 12.827,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "84.32.103.245",
            "country": "NL",
            "lat": 52.37403,
            "lon": 4.88969,
            "org": "AS59642 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "1012",
            "timezone": "Europe/Amsterdam",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:21:33.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Ebara",
            "region": "tokyo",
            "ms": 212.499,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "198.13.133.88",
            "country": "JP",
            "lat": 35.617,
            "lon": 139.7486,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "140-0002",
            "timezone": "Asia/Tokyo",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:24:01.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Sydney",
            "region": "sydney",
            "ms": 274.379,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "82.26.116.36",
            "country": "AU",
            "lat": -33.86785,
            "lon": 151.20732,
            "org": "AS29802 HIVELOCITY, Inc.",
            "postal": "1001",
            "timezone": "Australia/Sydney",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:25:50.000Z"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946065",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946066",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

响应字段

字段	含义
`result.success`	请求是否成功。
`result.message`	可读的状态消息。
`result.total`	返回的 leader slot 记录数量。该 API 目前每次请求返回 100 条记录。
`result.data[]`	从所请求的 slot 开始按顺序排列的 leader slot 记录。
`identity`	Leader validator 的 identity 公钥。
`epoch`	该 slot 所属的 Solana epoch。
`slot`	Slot 编号。以字符串形式返回，因此客户端不应假定它是 JSON 数字。
`stakeWeight`	委托给该 leader validator 的质押量。质押量越大，通常该 validator 在较长时间内出现在 leader 调度中的次数越多。
`leaderRegion`	用于路由与分析的规范化运营区域标签。它可能会把邻近的城市或服务商位置归为一组。
`leaderCity`, `leaderCountry`, `leaderLat`, `leaderLon`, `leaderOrg`, `leaderTimezone`	该 leader validator 的估算地理位置与网络组织。
`pingToLeaders[]`	从 ERPC 各观测区域（`frankfurt`、`amsterdam`、`ny`、`london`、`tokyo`、`singapore`、`sydney`）到该 leader 的参考延迟，包含 region、city、ms、icmpReplied、fromIp、country、坐标、ASN organization、邮政编码、timezone 与 measuredAt。
`pingToLeaders[].icmpReplied`	该 validator 是否回应了本次 ICMP 测量。为 `false` 时，`ms` 中是预置的哨兵值而不是延迟实测值，不应按延迟解读。请把 `false` 理解为「未知」，而不是「距离远」或「不可用」：有些 validator 不回应 ICMP，但 TPU 与 QUIC 仍然正常工作，据此过滤会把健康的 leader 从你的发送路径中剔除。在把 `ms` 当作延迟使用之前，先检查 `icmpReplied`：该字段决定这个数字是否可用，而不是决定该向哪个 validator 发送。
`pingToLeaders[].measuredAt`	最近一次测量该延迟的时间，采用 ISO-8601 UTC 格式。可用它判断读数的新鲜程度。各观测区域相互独立地进行测量，因此同一个 `pingToLeaders` 数组中的各条记录，`measuredAt` 可能并不相同。`measuredAt` 较旧并不表示读数有问题：某轮测量未能跑完时，系统会保留已存的数值，而不会用编造的数值覆盖它，因此它依然反映过去确实进行过的一次测量。

可视化 Leader Slot

同一响应可以按 slot 时间线来阅读。下面示例以 Frankfurt 作为观测点。

Slot 范围	Leader 区域	Leader 位置	质押权重	来自 Frankfurt 的 ping	运营含义
436946064-436946066	dublin	Crumlin, IE	819,031.37	18.438 ms	一个 leader 连续持有三个 slot。Frankfurt 以 18.4 ms 服务它，但 London（11.0 ms）和 Amsterdam（12.8 ms）更近——在这个窗口中，London 或 Amsterdam 的资源优于 Frankfurt。
436946068	frankfurt	Frankfurt am Main, DE	166,438.25	0.062 ms	同城的 leader。此 slot 明显有利于 Frankfurt 的资源。

这种视图很有用，因为 Solana 是全球性的。传统 HFT 的主要目标往往是靠近某一个撮合引擎，而 Solana 的 leader 会在全球各地的 validator 之间轮换。最快的区域会随着 leader 调度的变化而变化。

Solana 网络数据网站

公开的 validator 与网络分布可以通过 Validators Solutions 查看。先用它了解 Solana 网络的整体情况，再使用 getLeaderSlots 获取运营路由所需的 slot 级调度、质押权重、validator 位置与实测延迟数据。

Token 使用量

该 API 从指定 slot 开始返回 100 条 leader slot 记录。每次请求消耗 420 tokens。

如果需要的不是每个 slot 一条记录，而是整个 epoch 中每个 validator 一条记录，请使用 Validators Information API，它按实际返回的 validator 数量计费。

为什么 Leader Slot 信息重要

如果 leader 在地理或网络路径上很远，直接发送交易会变得低效。
质押权重有助于估计某个 validator 在较长时间内出现在 leader 调度中的频率。
在全球范围的 leader 切换期间，区域切换策略比单一的全球平均延迟更重要。
结合 slot 调度、质押权重、leader 位置和实测 ping 数据，可以优化路由和 validator 部署。

背景

一个 Solana epoch 大约包含 432,000 个 slot。持续收集 leader 调度、validator 元数据、地理位置与延迟测量数据需要专用的数据管线。ERPC 维护这些数据，并通过 RPC 接口以可立即使用的 leader slot 地图形式提供。

战略使用场景

检测优化：优先处理附近、低延迟的 leader 窗口。
多区域部署：在 FRA、AMS、NY、TY、SGP 等关键区域部署资源，以缩短切换空档。
考虑质押的规划：使用 stakeWeight 了解在较长时间窗口内哪些 leader 出现得更频繁。
可视化与分析：按区域监控 leader 比例、质押分布与延迟分布。

可用性

getLeaderSlots 对所有 ERPC 用户可用。API token 与使用额度可在 ERPC Web Dashboard 上发行或确认。

ERPC Web Dashboard：ERPC Web Dashboard

交易成功率与 SWQoS 端点

若要进一步提高交易成功率和执行速度，建议使用 SWQoS 端点。SWQoS（Stake-weighted Quality of Service）会优先处理拥有质押连接的 validator。Leader 会将大约 80% 的带宽分配给优先流量，20% 分配给非优先流量，优先通道的吞吐量约为 5 倍。该调度发生在 Priority fee 评估之前，因此进入 SWQoS 优先通道是实现真正低延迟性能的前提。