Leader Slot 資訊 API 文件

什麼是 Leader Slot 資訊（getLeaderSlots）API？

getLeaderSlots 是一個擴充套件 Solana RPC 方法，用於返回即將到來的 leader slot 記錄，包括 validator identity、stake weight、網路端點後設資料、leader 估算位置，以及參考延遲測量。持有 ERPC 使用額度（API token）的使用者，可以用與標準 Solana RPC 相同的格式呼叫。

此 API 提供：

從指定 slot 開始的 leader validator 排程
每個 leader validator 的 stakeWeight
估算的 leader region、city、country、座標、ASN organization 與 timezone
ERPC 觀測 region 到 leader 的參考 ping 測量（pingToLeaders）

端點和請求體示例

text

https://edge.erpc.global?api-key=<YOUR_API_KEY>

https://edge.erpc.global?api-key=<YOUR_API_KEY>

在 params 中指定起始 slot 編號。

json

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "getLeaderSlots",
  "params": [436946064]
}

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "getLeaderSlots",
  "params": [436946064]
}

示例（HTTP）

bash

curl 'https://edge.erpc.global?api-key=<YOUR_API_KEY>' \
  --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id":1,
    "method":"getLeaderSlots",
    "params":[436946064]
  }'

curl 'https://edge.erpc.global?api-key=<YOUR_API_KEY>' \
  --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id":1,
    "method":"getLeaderSlots",
    "params":[436946064]
  }'

響應示例（JSON）

當前響應會將記錄放在 result.data[] 中。result.total 表示返回的記錄數量。下面的 data[] 陣列從本次請求的 100 筆記錄中節錄了三筆。第一筆記錄展示了 ERPC 全部七個觀測 region 的 pingToLeaders；其餘記錄為便於閱讀只保留一個 region。

json

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "success": true,
    "message": "Leader schedule records retrieved successfully",
    "total": 100,
    "data": [
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946064",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Newark",
            "region": "ny",
            "ms": 74.981,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "64.130.37.222",
            "country": "US",
            "lat": 40.73566,
            "lon": -74.17237,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "07102",
            "timezone": "America/New_York",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:22:21.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "London",
            "region": "london",
            "ms": 10.978,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "67.209.52.250",
            "country": "GB",
            "lat": 51.50853,
            "lon": -0.12574,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "WC2N",
            "timezone": "Europe/London",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:23:06.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Singapore",
            "region": "singapore",
            "ms": 166.379,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "202.8.11.52",
            "country": "SG",
            "lat": 1.2959,
            "lon": 103.7907,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "139963",
            "timezone": "Asia/Singapore",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:24:52.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Amsterdam",
            "region": "amsterdam",
            "ms": 12.827,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "84.32.103.245",
            "country": "NL",
            "lat": 52.37403,
            "lon": 4.88969,
            "org": "AS59642 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "1012",
            "timezone": "Europe/Amsterdam",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:21:33.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Ebara",
            "region": "tokyo",
            "ms": 212.499,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "198.13.133.88",
            "country": "JP",
            "lat": 35.617,
            "lon": 139.7486,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "140-0002",
            "timezone": "Asia/Tokyo",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:24:01.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Sydney",
            "region": "sydney",
            "ms": 274.379,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "82.26.116.36",
            "country": "AU",
            "lat": -33.86785,
            "lon": 151.20732,
            "org": "AS29802 HIVELOCITY, Inc.",
            "postal": "1001",
            "timezone": "Australia/Sydney",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:25:50.000Z"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946065",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946066",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "success": true,
    "message": "Leader schedule records retrieved successfully",
    "total": 100,
    "data": [
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946064",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Newark",
            "region": "ny",
            "ms": 74.981,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "64.130.37.222",
            "country": "US",
            "lat": 40.73566,
            "lon": -74.17237,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "07102",
            "timezone": "America/New_York",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:22:21.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "London",
            "region": "london",
            "ms": 10.978,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "67.209.52.250",
            "country": "GB",
            "lat": 51.50853,
            "lon": -0.12574,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "WC2N",
            "timezone": "Europe/London",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:23:06.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Singapore",
            "region": "singapore",
            "ms": 166.379,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "202.8.11.52",
            "country": "SG",
            "lat": 1.2959,
            "lon": 103.7907,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "139963",
            "timezone": "Asia/Singapore",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:24:52.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Amsterdam",
            "region": "amsterdam",
            "ms": 12.827,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "84.32.103.245",
            "country": "NL",
            "lat": 52.37403,
            "lon": 4.88969,
            "org": "AS59642 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "1012",
            "timezone": "Europe/Amsterdam",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:21:33.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Ebara",
            "region": "tokyo",
            "ms": 212.499,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "198.13.133.88",
            "country": "JP",
            "lat": 35.617,
            "lon": 139.7486,
            "org": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
            "postal": "140-0002",
            "timezone": "Asia/Tokyo",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:24:01.000Z"
          },
          {
            "city": "Sydney",
            "region": "sydney",
            "ms": 274.379,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "82.26.116.36",
            "country": "AU",
            "lat": -33.86785,
            "lon": 151.20732,
            "org": "AS29802 HIVELOCITY, Inc.",
            "postal": "1001",
            "timezone": "Australia/Sydney",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:25:50.000Z"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946065",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "identity": "BXAxLMMMUNYfC1z166VjWHR3WjTmqzLxB837o5ghmRtH",
        "epoch": 1011,
        "slot": "436946066",
        "stakeWeight": 819031.365477103,
        "ipAddress": "202.8.10.164",
        "gossipPort": 8000,
        "tpuPort": null,
        "tpuQuicPort": 5010,
        "rpcAddress": null,
        "version": "4.1.2",
        "featureSet": "3345198602",
        "leaderRegion": "dublin",
        "leaderCity": "Crumlin",
        "leaderCountry": "IE",
        "leaderLat": 53.32154,
        "leaderLon": -6.31439,
        "leaderOrg": "AS20326 TeraSwitch Networks Inc.",
        "leaderTimezone": "Europe/Dublin",
        "pingToLeaders": [
          {
            "city": "Frankfurt am Main",
            "region": "frankfurt",
            "ms": 18.438,
            "icmpReplied": true,
            "fromIp": "185.191.118.11",
            "country": "DE",
            "lat": 50.139,
            "lon": 8.6725,
            "org": "AS213896 UAB Cherry Servers",
            "postal": "60320",
            "timezone": "Europe/Berlin",
            "measuredAt": "2026-08-03T06:20:48.000Z"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

響應欄位

欄位	含義
`result.success`	Whether the request succeeded.
`result.message`	Human-readable status message.
`result.total`	Number of returned leader slot records. The API currently returns 100 records per request.
`result.data[]`	Ordered leader slot records starting from the requested slot.
`identity`	Leader validator identity public key.
`epoch`	Solana epoch containing the slot.
`slot`	Slot number. It is returned as a string, so clients should not assume a JSON number.
`stakeWeight`	Stake delegated to the leader validator. Higher stake generally means the validator appears in leader schedules more often over time.
`leaderRegion`	Normalized operational region label used for routing and analysis. It may group nearby cities or provider locations.
`leaderCity`, `leaderCountry`, `leaderLat`, `leaderLon`, `leaderOrg`, `leaderTimezone`	Estimated geolocation and network organization for the leader validator.
`pingToLeaders[]`	從 ERPC 各觀測 region（`frankfurt`、`amsterdam`、`ny`、`london`、`tokyo`、`singapore`、`sydney`）到該 leader 的參考延遲，包含 region、city、ms、icmpReplied、fromIp、country、座標、ASN organization、郵遞區號、timezone 與 measuredAt。
`pingToLeaders[].icmpReplied`	此 validator 是否回應了本次 ICMP 測量。為 `false` 時，`ms` 帶的是預設的哨兵值而非延遲實測值，不應以延遲解讀。請把 `false` 理解為「未知」，而不是「距離遠」或「不可用」：有些 validator 不回應 ICMP，但 TPU 與 QUIC 仍然正常運作，據此過濾會把健康的 leader 從你的發送路徑中剔除。在把 `ms` 當作延遲使用之前，請先檢查 `icmpReplied`：該欄位決定這個數字是否可用，而不是決定該向哪個 validator 發送。
`pingToLeaders[].measuredAt`	最近一次測量此延遲的時間，採用 ISO-8601 UTC 格式。可用它判斷讀數的新鮮程度。各觀測 region 各自獨立進行測量，因此同一個 `pingToLeaders` 陣列中的各筆記錄，`measuredAt` 可能並不相同。`measuredAt` 較舊並不代表讀數有問題：某輪測量未能跑完時，系統會保留已存的數值，而不會以捏造的數值覆蓋，因此它仍然反映過去確實進行過的一次測量。

視覺化 Leader Slot

同一響應可以按 slot 時間線來閱讀。下面示例以 Frankfurt 作為觀測點。

Slot 範圍	Leader region	Leader 位置	Stake weight	來自 Frankfurt 的 ping	運營含義
436946064-436946066	dublin	Crumlin, IE	819,031.37	18.438 ms	同一個 leader 連續持有三個 slot。Frankfurt 以 18.4 ms 服務它，但 London（11.0 ms）與 Amsterdam（12.8 ms）距離更近——在這個視窗中，London 或 Amsterdam 的資源優於 Frankfurt。
436946068	frankfurt	Frankfurt am Main, DE	166,438.25	0.062 ms	同一 metro 的 leader。在此 slot，Frankfurt 資源明顯有利。

這很重要，因為 Solana 是全球網路。它不像傳統 HFT 那樣只需要靠近一個交易所 matching engine；Solana 的 leader 會在全球 validator 之間輪換，因此最快 region 會隨著 leader schedule 改變。

Solana 網路資料網站

Validators Solutions - Solana network data

公開的 validator 與網路分佈可以透過 Validators Solutions 檢視。先用 Validators Solutions 理解 Solana 網路整體分佈，再使用 getLeaderSlots 獲取 slot 級別的排程、stake weight、validator 位置與實測延遲，用於運營路由判斷。

Token 使用量

該 API 從指定 slot 開始返回 100 條 leader slot 記錄。每次請求消耗 420 tokens。

如果需要的不是每個 slot 一筆記錄，而是整個 epoch 中每個 validator 一筆記錄，請使用 Validators Information API，它依實際返回的 validator 數量計費。

為什麼 Leader Slot 資訊重要

如果 leader 在地理或網路路徑上很遠，直接傳送交易會變得低效。
Stake weight 有助於判斷哪些 validator 在長期 leader schedule 中更常出現。
全球 leader 切換時，region 切換策略比單一平均延遲更重要。
結合 slot schedule、stake weight、leader 位置和實測 ping，可以最佳化路由和 validator 部署。

背景

一個 Solana epoch 大約包含 432,000 個 slot。持續收集 leader schedule、validator metadata、geolocation 與 latency measurement 需要專用資料管線。ERPC 維護這些資料，並透過 RPC 介面以可立即使用的 leader slot map 形式提供。

戰略使用場景

檢測最佳化：優先處理附近、低延遲的 leader 視窗。
多 region 部署：在 FRA、AMS、NY、TY、SGP 等關鍵 region 部署資源，減少切換空檔。
Stake-aware 規劃：使用 stakeWeight 理解長期視窗中更頻繁出現的 leader。
視覺化與分析：按 region 監控 leader 比率、stake 分佈與 latency 分佈。

可用性

getLeaderSlots 對所有 ERPC 使用者可用。API token 與使用額度可在 ERPC Web 儀表盤發行或確認。

ERPC Web 儀表盤: ERPC Web 儀表盤

交易成功率與 SWQoS Endpoint

若要進一步提高交易成功率和執行速度，建議使用 SWQoS Endpoint。SWQoS（Stake-weighted Quality of Service）會優先處理擁有 stake connection 的 validator。Leader 大約將 80% 頻寬分配給 priority traffic，20% 分配給 non-priority traffic，priority lane 約有 5 倍 throughput。該排程發生在 Priority fee 評估之前，因此進入 SWQoS priority lane 是實現真正低延遲效能的前提。

Unlimited Endpoint 支援方法 | ERPC

Validators 資訊 API 文件